Biblical-exegetical perspectives on democracy in the horizon of synodal structures in society and church

Abstract

This article explores biblical-exegetical perspectives on democracy in the context of synodal structures in the Church and society. Although the concept of “democracy” (δημοκρατία) is absent from the Bible, and the terms “people” (δῆμος) and “power” (κράτος) hold different meanings, the author argues that core democratic values – such as equality, freedom, participation, justice, and servant leadership – are reflected in biblical texts, especially in the New Testament. The analysis of Pauline writings and early Christian community structures reveals possible intersections between modern democratic ideals and the Christian understanding of community and synodality. Particular attention is given to the dignity of the human person, models of servant leadership, and the active participation of all community members. The article highlights the need for further research on the role of religious institutions in promoting democratic values and on the potential of synodality as a tool for rebuilding trust and shared responsibility within the Church.